目的:研究氯胺酮对大鼠吗啡戒断症状的影响及其可能的机理。
方法:建立大鼠吗啡依赖模型,在用纳洛酮催瘾前2min给予不同剂量的氯胺酮,观察其戒断症状的改变;用分光光度法测定戒断时大鼠一氧化氮(NO)含量、一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)活性,用放射免疫法测定环鸟苷酸(cGMP)含量。
结果:3个剂量的氯胺酮 (5、10和 20mg·kg-1)均可缓解吗啡戒断时探究、扭体、湿狗样抖动、跳跃等运动反应,减少活动次数,抑制植物神经系统症状。10、20mg·kg-1氯胺酮可显著减轻吗啡戒断所致的体重下降,小剂量氯胺酮 (5mg·kg-1)可抑制吗啡依赖大鼠前额叶皮质、小脑的NOS活性和NO、cGMP含量的增高。
结论:氯胺酮可缓解大鼠吗啡戒断症状,其作用机理可能与减弱大鼠吗啡戒断时NMDA NO cGMP通路效应有关。
关键词:吗啡;氯胺酮;戒断症状;N甲基D天冬氨酸;一氧化氮;环鸟苷酸
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